Tsallaka zuwa babban abun ciki
An fassara wannan shafin ta atomatik daga Turanci.
Mulki

Hukumomi

Iceland jamhuriya ce mai tsarin mulki mai tsarin jam'iyyu da yawa. Babu shakka ita ce dimokuradiyya mafi tsufa a duniya, tare da Majalisar, Alþingi , wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 930.

Shugaban kasar Iceland shine shugaban kasa kuma shine kadai wakili da daukacin masu zabe suka zaba a zaben kai tsaye.

Gwamnati

Gwamnatin ƙasar Iceland ce ke da alhakin kafa dokoki da ƙa'idoji da kuma samar da ayyukan gwamnati da suka shafi shari'a, kiwon lafiya, kayayyakin more rayuwa, aikin yi, da ilimin sakandare da jami'a, misali kaɗan.

Gamayyar jam'iyyun siyasa masu mulki a Iceland ta ƙunshi jam'iyyu uku, wato Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylking), Liberal Reform Party (Viðreisn), da People's Party (Flokkur félksins). Suna da rinjaye kashi 55.6% a tsakaninsu. Firayim Minista na yanzu shine Kristrún Frostadóttir. Yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwar da ke bayyana manufofinsu da hangen nesansu na shugabanci tana samuwa a Turanci a nan.

Shugaban ƙasa shine Shugaban ƙasa . Gwamnati ce ke amfani da ikon zartarwa. Ikon majalisa da shugaban ƙasa ne ke da ikon yin dokoki. Shari'a ba ta da 'yancin yin dokoki daga bangaren zartarwa da na majalisa.

Karanta ƙarin bayani game da ministocin haɗin gwiwa da ke kan mulki a yanzu.

Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Jamhuriyar Iceland

Gundumomi

Akwai matakai biyu na gwamnati a Iceland, gwamnatin ƙasa da ƙananan hukumomi. Duk bayan shekaru huɗu, mazauna gundumomi daban-daban na zaɓe suna zaɓar wakilansu zuwa ga ƙananan hukumomi don kula da aiwatar da ayyuka da dimokuraɗiyya ta gida. Hukumomin kula da ƙananan hukumomi na ƙananan hukumomi jami'ai ne da aka zaɓa waɗanda ke aiki kusa da jama'a. Su ne ke da alhakin ayyukan gida ga mazauna ƙananan hukumomi.

Hukumomin ƙananan hukumomi a cikin ƙananan hukumomi suna kafa dokoki yayin da suke ba da ayyuka ga 'yan ƙasa da ke zaune a can, kamar ilimin makarantun gaba da firamare, ayyukan zamantakewa, ayyukan kare yara, da sauran ayyuka da suka shafi buƙatun al'umma.

Kananan hukumomi suna da alhakin aiwatar da manufofi a ayyukan gida kamar cibiyoyin ilimi, sufuri na jama'a, da ayyukan jin dadin jama'a. Haka kuma suna da alhakin samar da kayayyakin more rayuwa na fasaha a kowace karamar hukuma, kamar ruwan sha, dumama, da kuma kula da sharar gida. A ƙarshe, su ne ke da alhakin tsara tsare-tsare da kuma gudanar da binciken lafiya da aminci.

Tun daga ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2026, Iceland ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 61, kowacce tana da gwamnatinta ta gida. Ƙananan hukumomi suna da haƙƙoƙi da wajibai ga mazaunansu da kuma jihar. Ana ɗaukar mutum a matsayin mazaunin ƙaramar hukuma inda aka yi masa rijistar mazauninsa na doka.

Saboda haka, ana buƙatar kowa ya yi rijista da ofishin karamar hukuma da ya dace lokacin da yake ƙaura zuwa wani sabon yanki.

Kamar yadda sashe na 3 na Dokar Zaɓe ya tanada kan kaɗa ƙuri'a da kuma 'yancin zaɓe, 'yan ƙasashen waje waɗanda suka kai shekara 18 zuwa sama suna da 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi bayan sun zauna a Iceland na tsawon shekaru uku a jere. 'Yan ƙasar Denmark, Finland, Norway da Sweden waɗanda suka kai shekara 18 zuwa sama suna samun 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a da zarar sun yi rijistar wurin zama na shari'a a Iceland.

Kungiyar Kananan Hukumomin Icelandic | Samband yana jin daɗin rayuwa

Shugaban kasa

Shugaban ƙasar Iceland shine shugaban ƙasa kuma wakili ɗaya tilo da dukkan masu zaɓe za su zaɓa a zaɓe kai tsaye. An kafa ofishin shugaban ƙasa a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulkin ƙasar Iceland wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 17 ga Yuni a shekarar 1944.

Shugabar da ke kan mulki a yanzu ita ce Halla Tómasdóttir . An zaɓe ta a zaɓen da aka gudanar a ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2024. Ta fara wa'adinta na farko a ranar 1 ga Agusta, 2024.

Ana zaɓen shugaban ƙasa ta hanyar zaɓen jama'a kai tsaye na tsawon shekaru huɗu, ba tare da wani ƙayyadadden wa'adi ba. Shugaban yana zaune a Bessastaðir da ke Garðabær a yankin babban birnin ƙasar.

Hanyoyin haɗi masu amfani

Iceland jamhuriya ce mai tsarin mulki mai tsarin jam'iyyu da yawa.