Simbukira kubintu nyamukuru
Uru rupapuro rwahinduwe mu buryo bwikora kuva mucyongereza.
Amazu

Gukodesha

Muri iki gihe Isilande irimo kunyura muri rusange kubura amazu yo guturamo mu bice byinshi by'igihugu. Birashobora rero kuba ingorabahizi (ariko ntibishoboka!) Kubona inzu ibereye ibyo ukeneye no mubiciro byawe.

Iki gice gifite inama nyinshi zagufasha mugushakisha amazu, harimo n’aho washakira amazu akodeshwa nuburyo bwo kwigaragaza nkumukode ushimishije.

Uburyo bwo gukodesha

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukodesha muri Isilande ni ba nyirinzu. Urashobora gusaba amazu yimibereho muri komine yawe, ariko harabura amazu yinama njyanama kandi urutonde rwo gutegereza rushobora kuba rurerure.

Abantu benshi bakodesha mu bikorera. Iyo wabonye ahantu wifuza gutura, uzasabwa gushyira umukono kumasezerano yubukode no kwishyura inguzanyo. Menya neza ko umenyereye inshingano zijyanye no gukodesha umutungo. Kubitsa bigomba gusubizwa mugihe cyibyumweru 4 nyuma yo gusubiza urufunguzo rwumutungo niba nta byangiritse byigeze bigaragara.

Gushakisha aho ukodesha

Amazu yo gukodesha ubusanzwe yamamazwa kumurongo. Abantu bo mu cyaro bashaka amazu barasabwa gushaka amakuru ku biro bya komine yabo. Facebook nigikoresho gikoreshwa cyane muri Islande mugukodesha. Urashobora kubona amatsinda menshi yo gukodesha ushakisha ijambo "Leiga" cyangwa "Gukodesha" kuri Facebook.

Kubona inzu mu murwa mukuru

Ku Banya Islande ndetse n'abanyamahanga, imwe mu mbogamizi nyamukuru zo gutura hano ni ukubona amazu akodeshwa ahendutse. Kubaza abantu hafi yawe ubufasha akenshi nuburyo bwiza bwo kubona aho ukodesha. Aba barashobora kuba abo mukorana cyangwa inshuti zamahanga babaye hano igihe kirekire.

Hano hari imbuga zimwe na matsinda ya Facebook yo gukodesha amazu (ayo matsinda mubisanzwe afite ibisobanuro haba muri Islande no mucyongereza).

“Höfuðborgarsvæðið” bisobanura “umurwa mukuru.”

101 Reykjavik ni mumujyi rwagati, naho 107 na 105 ni kode yiposita mu ntera yumujyi rwagati. 103, 104, 108 biri kure cyane ariko biracyagerwaho hamwe nubwikorezi rusange cyangwa igare. 109, 110, 112 na 113 ni umujyi, kandi ushobora kugerwaho na gare cyangwa bisi.

Iyo bigeze mu murwa mukuru, abantu benshi baba mu makomine akikije Reykjavik - nka Garðabær, Kópavogur, Hafnarfjörður na Mosfellsbær. Utu turere duhujwe neza nu mujyi rwagati kandi birashobora kuba bihendutse gato. Utu turere turazwi cyane mumiryango, kuko ushobora kubona inzu nini kubiciro bimwe, ukabasha gutura mumuturanyi utuje wegereye ibidukikije, nyamara ntibiri kure yumurwa mukuru. Niba udashaka kugenda cyangwa ufite imodoka kandi ugahitamo kwishyura munsi yumujyi, iyi komine irashobora kugushimisha.

Abantu bamwe bakorera mu murwa mukuru baragenda bava kure n'imodoka yabo bwite. Ibi birimo Suðurnes (Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo aho ikibuga cy’indege giherereye), Akranes, Hveragerði na Selfoss, hamwe nigihe cyo kugenda kugeza isaha imwe inzira imwe.

Ubwoko bw'amazu akoreshwa ku mazu n'amagorofa ni:
Einbýli - urugo rwonyine
Fjölbýli - inzu yo kubamo
Raðhús - inzu y'amaterasi
Parhús - duplex
Hæð - igorofa yose (yinyubako)

Hitamo agasanduku nyuma yo gutoranya uturere ukunda kurubuga rwishakisha. “Tilboð” bivuze ko ushobora gutanga igitekerezo. Ibi birashobora kwerekana ko igiciro kinini giteganijwe.

Amatsinda ya Facebook (mu Cyongereza):

Leiga

Leiga í Reykjavík

Leiga Reykjavík 101.105.107

Leiga á Íslandi - Gukodesha muri Islande

Leiga Reykjavík, Kópavogur, Garðabær, Hafnarfjörður

Leiga 101 Reykjavík

Gukodesha muri Islande

101 Gukodesha

Gukodesha

Gukodesha muri Hafnarfjörður, Garðabær cyangwa Kópavogur

Niba ushimishijwe ninzu yanditse kurutonde, nibyiza kohereza ubutumwa bugufi kuri nyirinzu harimo izina ryawe, amakuru yamakuru hamwe namakuru magufi kuri wewe numuryango wawe (niba bishoboka). Gerageza kwerekana uburyo uzaba umukode mwiza, urebe ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwishyura ubukode ku gihe kandi ko uzita ku nzu yabo. Menya kandi mubutumwa bwawe niba ufite aho uhurira na nyirinzu wabanjirije. Wibuke ko amazu akodeshwa yakira inyungu nyinshi, kandi ashobora kuba hanze yisoko muminsi mike. Gukora byihuse no kwemeza ko ugaragara neza kuri nyirinzu nkumukode mwiza ushobora kongera amahirwe yo kubona inzu yo gukodesha.

Imfashanyo kubakodesha na banyiri amazu

Kumakuru yingirakamaro yerekeye gukodesha, reba kurubuga rwa interineti www.leigjendur.is (mu ndimi eshatu): Icyongereza - Igipolonye - Isilande .

Urubuga ruyobowe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abaguzi muri Isilande kandi rutanga amakuru ajyanye namasezerano yubukode, kubitsa hamwe nuburyo amazu akodeshwa avuga ingero nke.

Niba ufite amakimbirane na nyirinzu, cyangwa ukaba utazi neza uburenganzira bwawe nkumukode, urashobora guhamagara Inkunga yabapangayi. Ishyirahamwe ry’abaguzi bo muri Isilande rikora Inkunga y’abapangayi (Leigjendaaðstoð) hakurikijwe amasezerano ya serivisi na Minisiteri y’Imibereho Myiza y'Abaturage. Uruhare rwinkunga yabapangayi nugutanga cyane cyane gutanga amakuru, ubufasha, ninama kubakodesha kubibazo bijyanye nubukode, kubuntu.

Itsinda ryemewe ryabapangayi risubiza ibibazo kandi ritanga ubuyobozi mugihe abapangayi bakeneye gushaka uburenganzira bwabo. Niba amasezerano adashobora kumvikana hagati yumukode na nyirinzu, umukode arashobora kubona ubufasha mu ntambwe zikurikira, urugero nko gufata ikirego muri komite ishinzwe ibibazo by’imiturire.

Abapangayi barashobora kuzana ibibazo byose bijyanye nubukode kubufasha bwabapangayi, harimo ibibazo bijyanye no gusinya amasezerano yubukode, uburenganzira ninshingano mugihe cyubukode, no gukemura nyuma yubukode.

Urashobora kandi kugenzura ibisubizo kubibazo bimwe na bimwe bikunze kuboneka kurubuga rwabo.

Ishyirahamwe ryabapangayi muri Isilande ni ishyirahamwe ryigenga ryifuza kuzamura uburenganzira n’inyungu z’abakodesha. Iharanira ivugurura ry'amategeko agenga ubukode, ubukode buke no gutanga amazu ahagije. Abanyamuryango barashobora kubona ubufasha mubijyanye no gukodesha.

Amasezerano yo gukodesha

Amasezerano yo gukodesha ni amasezerano nyirinzu yemerera umukode gukoresha no gutunga umutungo wacyo mugihe runaka, kigufi cyangwa kirekire. Intego yo kwandikisha kumugaragaro amasezerano yubukode nukwemeza no kurengera uburenganzira bwimpande zamasezerano.

Kuva mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa 2023, amasezerano yo gukodesha arashobora kwandikwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Ni itegeko kubikora kuri banyiri amazu babigize umwuga, kandi kubikora nabyo ni kimwe mubisabwa kubateganya gusaba inyungu zamazu.

Biroroshye kwandikisha amasezerano yubukode hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga . Abapangayi barashobora kubikora ubwabo niba nyirinzu atabikoze.

Kwiyandikisha amasezerano yubukode kuri elegitoronike bifite inyungu nyinshi. Gusinya bikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga kuburyo abantu batagomba kuba ahantu hamwe mugihe cyo gusinya. Ntibikenewe abatangabuhamya basinye, kandi nta yandi makuru yiyandikisha (notaire) mugihe abapangayi bakunda gusaba inyungu zamazu. Inzira nayo ifite umutekano muri rusange kandi isaba impapuro nigihe ndetse niyo.

Amasezerano yo gukodesha aboneka mu ndimi nyinshi niba agomba gukorwa ku mpapuro:

Icyongereza

Igipolonye

Ukraine

Isilande

Amasezerano yo gukodesha agomba kuba muri kopi ebyiri zisa kubakodesha na nyirinzu.

Niba amasezerano y'ubukode yanditswe (noteri), umukode agomba guhagarikwa na noteri iyo igihe cy'ubukode kirangiye. Niba ibi bitarakozwe mugihe cyicyumweru gishize, bizahagarikwa bisabwe na nyirinzu.

Urashobora gukodesha noteri kuri Komiseri w'akarere .

Igiciro cy'ubukode

Ubukode burashobora gukosorwa, bivuze ko budashobora guhinduka kugeza amasezerano arangiye, cyangwa irashobora guhuzwa nigipimo cyibiciro byabaguzi (CPI) , bivuze ko iziyongera cyangwa igabanuka ukurikije igipimo buri kwezi.

Rimwe na rimwe, ubukode burimo fagitire, ariko cyane cyane, abapangayi bishyura amashanyarazi no gushyushya. Niba bidasobanutse, menya neza kubaza niba ubukode burimo ibiciro byishyirahamwe.

Ntutume amafaranga utabonye inzu imbonankubone cyangwa ukoresheje videwo. Niba nyirinzu ashobora kuvuga ko badashobora kukwereka aho hantu, ibi birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyuburiganya kandi ntibikwiye ingaruka.

Kubitsa

Kubitsa ingwate ni amafaranga ahabwa nyirinzu nk'ikimenyetso cyo gushaka kwimuka, kwita ku rugo no kwishyura ubukode na fagitire ku gihe. Amakuru yerekeye amafaranga wishyura, nuburyo ki, agomba gushyirwa mubukode bwawe. Kubitsa birashobora gutandukana bitewe numutungo kandi mubisanzwe bingana nubukode bwukwezi kumwe.

Mbere yuko amazu akodeshwa atangwa, nyir'inzu ashobora gusaba ko umukode yashyiraho ingwate kugira ngo akore neza uruhande rwe rw'ubukode, nko kwishyura ubukode n'indishyi z'ibyangiritse ku nzu yakodeshaga. umukode araryozwa.

Niba hasabwa kubitsa, bigomba kwishyurwa binyuze muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

  1. Ingwate ya banki cyangwa ishyaka risa (garanti ya banki).
  2. Ingwate y'umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa benshi.
  3. Politiki yubwishingizi ikubiyemo kwishyura ubukode no gusubiza amazu akodeshwa neza, yaguzwe nuwapanze mubigo byubwishingizi.
  4. Amafaranga abitsa yishyuwe na nyirinzu. Nyirinzu agomba kubika aya mafranga kuri konti yihariye yo kubitsa muri banki yubucuruzi cyangwa banki yo kuzigama ifite igipimo ntarengwa cy’inyungu kiboneka kugeza ku munsi wo kwishyura, kandi igomba kwishyurwa nyir'ugukodesha niba bidasanze ari ngombwa gushushanya kuri kubitsa. Nta mugereka ushobora gukorwa muri aya mafranga mugihe ari mububiko bwa nyirinzu. Nyir'inzu ntashobora guta amafaranga cyangwa kuyakuramo atabanje kubiherwa uruhushya n'umukode keretse habaye umwanzuro wo gushyiraho inshingano ku mukode wo kwishyura indishyi. Nyirinzu ashobora, ariko, gukoresha amafaranga yo kubitsa kugirango yishyure amafaranga asigaye yubukode, haba mugihe cyubukode ndetse nigihe kirangiye.
  5. Kwishura ikigega cy'ubwishingizi bwa nyirinzu nyir'inzu nyir'inzu, kuba afite ubuzima gatozi, arekura amazu ku bucuruzi, ni umunyamuryango. Iki kigega gishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu kwishyura ibyangiritse biturutse ku kutubahiriza ubukode bwa nyirinzu. Nyirinzu agomba kugumana ikigega cyubwishingizi gitandukanijwe nibindi bice byacyo.
  6. Kubitsa ubundi bwoko butari kurutonde rwingingo ya 1-5 hejuru umukode atanga, kandi nyirinzu akemera ko bifite ishingiro kandi bishimishije.

Nyirinzu ashobora guhitamo hagati yubwoko bwabitswe kuva 1-6 ariko umukode afite uburenganzira bwo kwanga kubitsa amafaranga nkuko ingingo ya 4 ibiteganya gutanga ubundi bwoko bwo kubitsa aho nyirinzu abona ko bishimishije.

Uburenganzira n'inshingano z'abakode

Nkumukode, ufite uburenganzira kuri:

  • Amasezerano y'ubukode yanditse yanditse neza kandi yubahiriza amategeko.
  • Menya nyiri inzu.
  • Baho mumitungo idahungabanye.
  • Baho mumitungo ifite umutekano kandi mumeze neza yo gusana.
  • Irinde kwirukanwa kurenganijwe (kubwirwa kugenda) n'ubukode butemewe.
  • Saba inguzanyo yawe mu byumweru 4 nyuma yo gusubiza urufunguzo rwa nyiri inzu, mugihe nta bukode bwishyuwe cyangwa ibyangiritse.

Inshingano zawe:

  • Buri gihe ujye wishyura ubukode bwumvikanyweho kumunsi wumvikanyweho - niba utongana na nyirinzu cyangwa umutungo ukeneye gusanwa, ugomba kwishyura ubukode. Bitabaye ibyo, uzarenga ku bukode bwawe kandi ufite ibyago byo kwirukanwa.
  • Witondere neza umutungo.
  • Kwishura fagitire nkuko byumvikanyweho na nyirinzu.
  • Uhe nyiri inzu uburenganzira kubintu iyo ubisabye. Nyirinzu agomba kuguha integuza no gutegura igihe gikwiye cyumunsi cyo gusura umutungo cyangwa gusana. Ufite uburenganzira bwo kuba munzu mugihe nyirinzu cyangwa abantu basana bahari, keretse ubyemeye ukundi.
  • Kwishura gusana niba wateje ibyangiritse - ibi bikubiyemo ibyangiritse byakozwe nabashyitsi bawe.
  • Ntugabanye umutungo wawe keretse ubukode cyangwa nyirinzu abimwemereye.

Niba urenze kuri imwe mu ngingo zavuzwe haruguru, nyirinzu afite uburenganzira bwo gufata ibyemezo kugirango akwirukane.

Inshingano za nyirinzu

Nyiri inzu afite inshingano nyamukuru zirimo:

  • Kuguha ubukode.
  • Kubungabunga umutungo no kuwugumana neza.
  • Kuguha integuza no kubona ibyemezo byawe mbere yo kugera kumitungo.
  • Gukurikiza inzira zemewe n'amategeko niba bashaka ko uva mumitungo, yaba ari integuza yemewe cyangwa guhagarika ubukode.

Ibyangiritse munzu ikodeshwa

Abapangayi biteganijwe ko bafata neza umutungo ukodeshwa kandi bakurikije amasezerano yo gukoresha bumvikanyweho. Iyo amazu akodeshwa yangijwe nuwapanze, abagize urugo rwabo cyangwa abandi bantu bemeye gukoresha ibibanza cyangwa kwinjira no kubimukiramo, umukode azafata ingamba zo gusana ibyangiritse vuba bishoboka. Niba umukode yirengagije iyi nshingano, nyirinzu ashobora gusana amafaranga yishyuwe.

Mbere yibi ariko, nyir'inzu abimenyesha nyir'ukodesha mu nyandiko isuzuma ry'ibyangiritse, akavuga ingamba zo gukosora zisabwa kandi agaha nyir'ugukodesha ibyumweru bine uhereye igihe yakiriye iryo suzuma kugira ngo arangize gusana. Mbere yuko nyir'inzu akosora, bagomba gushaka igitekerezo cy'umugenzuzi bagasaba icyemezo cy'amafaranga yakoreshejwe nyuma yuko imirimo irangiye.

Umwanya rusange hamwe nishyirahamwe rya ba nyirubwite

Niba utuye mu nyubako y'amagorofa, mubisanzwe hari umwanya uhuriweho nabakodesha inyubako (sameign). Ibi birashobora kubamo icyumba cyo kumeseramo nintambwe kurugero. Ishyirahamwe rya ba nyirubwite (húsfélag) rifata ibyemezo bijyanye ninyubako mu nama zisanzwe, harimo no kuvugurura inyubako. Amashyirahamwe amwe akoresha ibigo kugirango bikemure ibibazo byishyirahamwe, ariko andi arabikora ubwabyo. Abapangayi barashobora gusaba kwicara muri izo nama ariko ntibemerewe gutora.

Mu nyubako zimwe zamazu ba nyirubwite biteganijwe ko basimburana basukura ikibanza rusange niba ishyirahamwe rya ba nyirubwite bahisemo ko abantu bose batuye muri iyo nyubako bagomba kubikora. Niba biteganijwe ko umukode azagira uruhare muri uyu murimo, bigomba kuvugwa mubukode.

Gukodesha

Ubukode bwigihe kitazwi bushobora guhagarikwa nimpande zombi. Amatangazo yo guhagarika imirimo avugwa mu nyandiko kandi yoherejwe muburyo bugaragara.

Igihe cyo kumenyesha cyo guhagarika ubukode kiri mu gihe kitazwi kigomba kuba:

  1. Ukwezi kumwe kububiko, hatitawe ku ntego zikoreshwa.
  2. Amezi atatu yicyumba kimwe mubisangiwe.
  3. Amezi atandatu yo guturamo (ntibisangiwe).
  4. Amezi atandatu kubucuruzi bwubucuruzi kumyaka itanu yambere yigihe cyubukode, amezi icyenda kumyaka itanu iri imbere nyuma yibyo hanyuma umwaka umwe nyuma yubukode bwimyaka icumi.

Mugihe habaye ubukode busobanutse (mugihe impande zombi zavuze neza igihe umutungo uzakodeshwa), ubukode burangira kumunsi wagenwe nta nteguza idasanzwe. Birashobora ariko kwemezwa ko ubwo bukode bushobora guhagarikwa kubera impamvu zidasanzwe, ibyabaye, cyangwa ibihe. Izi mpamvu zidasanzwe, ibyabaye cyangwa ibihe bigomba kuvugwa mubukode kandi ntibishobora kuba impamvu zidasanzwe zimaze kuvugwa mubikorwa byo gukodesha amazu. Niba aribyo, igihe cyo kumenyesha igihe cyo kurangiza kizaba nibura amezi atatu.

Byongeye kandi, nyir'inzu ufite ubuzimagatozi ukorwa ku buryo budaharanira inyungu arashobora guhagarika ubukode bwakozwe mu gihe cyagenwe n'amezi atatu abimenyeshejwe igihe umukode atagishoboye kubahiriza ibintu byemewe kandi bifatika byashyizweho na nyir'inzu kugira ngo akodeshwe. ikibanza. Ibi bisabwa bigomba kuvugwa mubukode, cyangwa birashobora gukurikizwa mugihe umukode adashoboye gutanga amakuru akenewe kugirango amenye niba yujuje ibisabwa. Iryo seswa rikorwa mu nyandiko, ryerekana impamvu yo guhagarika.

Ihuza ryingirakamaro

Urashobora gusaba amazu yimibereho muri komine yawe, ariko harabura amazu yinama njyanama kandi urutonde rwo gutegereza rushobora kuba rurerure.