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Ulamuliro

Mabungwe

Alþingi, nyumba yamalamulo ya dziko la Iceland, ndi nyumba yamalamulo yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa m'chaka cha 930. Oimira 63 amakhala mu nyumba yamalamulo.

Unduna uli ndi udindo wokhazikitsa mphamvu zamalamulo. Pansi pa unduna uliwonse pali mabungwe osiyanasiyana aboma omwe angakhale odziyimira pawokha kapena odziyimira pawokha.

Woweruza milandu ndi imodzi mwa nthambi zitatu za boma. Malamulowa amanena kuti oweruza ali ndi mphamvu zoweruza komanso kuti ndi odziimira paokha pa ntchito yawo.

Nyumba yamalamulo

Alþingi ndi nyumba yamalamulo ku Iceland. Ndi nyumba yamalamulo yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 930 ku Þingvellir . Inasamutsidwira ku Reykjavík mu 1844 ndipo yakhalako kuyambira pamenepo.

Malamulo aku Iceland amatanthauzira dziko la Iceland ngati woyimira nyumba yamalamulo ku demokalase. Alþing ndiye mwala wapangodya wa demokalase. Chaka chilichonse chachinayi, ochita zisankho amasankha mwachinsinsi, oimira 63 kuti azikhala mu nyumba yamalamulo. Komabe, zisankho zitha kuchitika ngati kuyimitsidwa kwa nyumba yamalamulo kuyitanitsa chisankho.

Aphungu 63 a nyumba yamalamulo ali ndi mphamvu zamalamulo ndi zachuma, zomwe zimawalola kupanga zisankho pazachuma komanso misonkho.

Ndikofunikira kuti anthu azikhala ndi mwayi wodziwa zambiri pazisankho zomwe apanga ku Nyumba ya Malamulo, popeza osankhidwa ndi owayimilira ali ndi udindo wosamalira ufulu ndi demokalase ikugwira ntchito.

Dziwani zambiri za Alþingi.

Utumiki

Unduna wotsogozedwa ndi nduna za maboma olamulira ndi omwe ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa mphamvu zamalamulo. Unduna ndiwo utsogoleri wapamwamba kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito, mayina ngakhalenso kukhalapo kwa maunduna akhoza kusintha malinga ndi ndondomeko ya boma nthawi iliyonse.

Pansi pa unduna uliwonse pali mabungwe osiyanasiyana aboma omwe angakhale odziyimira pawokha kapena odziyimira pawokha. Mabungwewa ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa ndondomeko, kuyang'anira, kuteteza ndi kusunga ufulu wa nzika, ndi kupereka chithandizo motsatira malamulo.

Mndandanda wa mautumiki ku Iceland umapezeka Pano.

Mndandanda wa mabungwe aboma ukhoza kupezeka apa.

Khoti lamilandu

Woweruza milandu ndi imodzi mwa nthambi zitatu za boma. Malamulowa amanena kuti oweruza ali ndi mphamvu zoweruza komanso kuti ndi odziimira paokha pa ntchito yawo. Iceland ili ndi makhothi a magawo atatu.

Makhoti Achigawo

Zochita zonse zamakhothi ku Iceland zimayambira ku Makhothi Achigawo (Héraðsdómstólar). Iwo ndi asanu ndi atatu ndipo ali kuzungulira dzikolo. Mapeto a Khothi Lachigawo atha kuchitidwa apilo ku Khoti Loona za Apilo, malinga ngati ziyeneretso za apilo zikwaniritsidwa. 42 mwa iwo amatsogolera mabwalo amilandu asanu ndi atatu.

Bwalo la Apilo

Khoti Loona za Apilo (Landsréttur) ndi khoti lachiŵiri, lomwe lili pakati pa Khoti Lalikulu ndi Khoti Lalikulu. Khothi Lalikulu la Apilo lidakhazikitsidwa mu 2018 ndipo ndi gawo la kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa kayendetsedwe ka chilungamo ku Iceland. Bwalo la Apilo lili ndi oweruza khumi ndi asanu.

khoti la suprimu

N'zotheka kutumiza mapeto a Khoti Loona za Apilo ku Khoti Lalikulu, muzochitika zapadera, atalandira chilolezo cha Khoti Lalikulu, lomwe ndi khoti lalikulu la dziko. Nthawi zambiri, chigamulo cha Khoti la Apilo chidzakhala chigamulo chomaliza pamlanduwo.

Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri ku Iceland lili ndi udindo wokhazikitsa zitsanzo pazalamulo. Ili ndi oweruza asanu ndi awiri.

Apolisi

Ntchito zapolisi zimachitidwa ndi Apolisi, Alonda a M'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi Customs.

Iceland sinakhalepo ndi asitikali ankhondo - ngakhale gulu lankhondo, apamadzi kapena gulu lankhondo.

Ntchito ya apolisi ku Iceland ndikuteteza ndi kutumikira anthu. Amayesetsa kupewa ziwawa ndi umbanda kuwonjezera pa kufufuza ndi kuthetsa milandu ya milandu. Anthu akuyenera kumvera malangizo omwe aperekedwa ndi apolisi. Kulephera kuchita zimenezi kungabweretse chindapusa kapena kutsekeredwa m’ndende.

Nkhani za apolisi ku Iceland ndi udindo wa Unduna wa Zachilungamo ndipo zimayendetsedwa ndi Ofesi ya National Commissioner of the Police (Embætti ríkislögreglustjóra) m'malo mwa undunawu. Bungweli lagawidwa m'maboma asanu ndi anayi, lalikulu kwambiri ndi Reykjavik Metropolitan Police (Lögreglan á höfuðborgarsvæðinu) yomwe imayang'anira Capital Region. Pezani chigawo chapafupi ndi inu kuno.

Apolisi ku Iceland nthawi zambiri alibe zida kupatula ndodo yaing'ono ndi tsabola. Komabe, apolisi a ku Reykjavik ali ndi gulu lapadera lophunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti komanso kulimbana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zida kapena zochitika zovuta kwambiri zomwe chitetezo cha anthu chingakhale pachiwopsezo.

Ku Iceland, apolisi amawakhulupirira kwambiri okhalamo, ndipo anthu amatha kupita kupolisi mosatekeseka ngati akukhulupirira kuti adalakwiridwa kapena kuchitiridwa nkhanza.

Ngati mukufuna thandizo kuchokera kwa apolisi, imbani 112 kapena funsani macheza a pa intaneti pa webusaiti yawo .

Mukhozanso kunena za zolakwa kapena kulankhulana ndi apolisi popanda mwadzidzidzi kudzera pa webusaitiyi.

Directorate of Immigration

Icelandic Directorate of Immigration ndi bungwe la boma lomwe limagwira ntchito pansi pa Unduna wa Zachilungamo. Ntchito zazikulu za Directorate ndikupereka zilolezo zokhala, kukonza mafomu otetezedwa kumayiko ena, kukonza ma visa, kukonza zofunsira kukhala nzika, kupereka zikalata zoyendera kwa anthu othawa kwawo komanso pasipoti kwa alendo. ndi mabungwe ena.

Webusaiti ya Directorate of Immigration.

Directorate of Labor

Bungwe la Directorate of Labor lili ndi udindo wonse wosinthana ndi anthu ogwira nawo ntchito ndipo limayang'anira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku za Inshuwaransi ya Ulova, Fund ya Malipiro a Mayiko ndi Makolo, Fund Guarantee Fund ndi ntchito zina zogwirizana ndi msika wogwira ntchito.

Directorate ili ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kulembetsa anthu ofuna ntchito komanso kulipira malipiro a ulova.

Kuphatikiza pa likulu lawo ku Reykjavík, Directorate ili ndi maofesi asanu ndi atatu kuzungulira dzikolo omwe amathandizira ofuna ntchito ndi owalemba ntchito pofunafuna ntchito komanso kutenga nawo mbali. Kuti mulumikizane ndi Directorate of Labor dinani apa.

Maulalo othandiza

Unduna, ndiwo ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa mphamvu zamalamulo.