Amaziko

IAlþing yipalamente yesizwe yaseIceland. Yeyona palamente indala emhlabeni, yasekwa ngonyaka wama-930 e-Þingvellir . Yafuduselwa eReykjavík ngowe-1844 ibe ikho ukususela ngoko.

Umgaqo-siseko wase-Iceland uchaza i-Iceland njengommeli we-republic yedemokhrasi. I-Alþing sisiseko sedemokhrasi. Rhoqo kunyaka wesine, abavoti bakhetha, ngevoti eyimfihlo, abameli abangama-63 ukuba bahlale epalamente. Nangona kunjalo, unyulo lusenokwenziwa ukuba kuthe kwachithwa ipalamente, kubizelwa unyulo jikelele.

Amalungu epalamente angama-63 ngokudibeneyo abambe amagunya owiso-mthetho nawemali, awavumela ukuba enze izigqibo malunga nenkcitho yoluntu kunye nerhafu.

Kubonwa kubalulekile ukuba uluntu lufikelele kulwazi ngezigqibo ezenziwe epalamente, njengoko abavoti kunye nabameli babo benoxanduva lokugcinwa kwamalungelo kunye nedemokhrasi isebenza.

Fumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne -Alþing.

Amacandelo, akhokelwa ngabaphathiswa abalawulayo kurhulumente womanyano, anoxanduva lokuzalisekisa amagunya owiso-mthetho. Abaphathiswa lelona nqanaba liphezulu lolawulo. Ubume bomsebenzi, amagama kwanobukho bamasebe bungatshintsha ngokomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ngexesha ngalinye.

Phantsi komphathiswa ngamnye kukho ii-arhente ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente ezinokuthi zizimele okanye zizimele. Ezi arhente zinoxanduva lokuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo, ukwenza ukongamela, ukukhusela nokugcina amalungelo abemi, kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo ngokuhambelana nomthetho.

Uluhlu lwenkonzo eIceland lunokufumaneka apha.

Uluhlu lwee-arhente zikarhulumente lunokufumaneka apha.

Inkundla lelinye lamasebe amathathu karhulumente. Umgaqo-siseko uthi iijaji zisebenzisa amagunya okugweba kwaye zizimele kwimisebenzi yazo. I-Iceland inenkqubo yenkundla yamanqanaba amathathu.

IiNkundla zeSithili

Zonke izenzo zenkundla e-Iceland ziqala kwiiNkundla zeSithili (Héraðsdómstólar). Zisibhozo kwaye zikwilizwe jikelele. Ukuqukunjelwa kweNkundla yeSithili kunokubhena kwiNkundla yesiBheno, ngaphandle kokuba iimeko ezithile zesibheno ziyaneliswa. ezingama-42 kuzo ezongamele iiNkundla zeSithili ezisibhozo.

Inkundla yeziBheno

INkundla yeziBheno (Landsréttur) yinkundla yesihlandlo sesibini, phakathi kweNkundla yeSithili kunye neNkundla ePhakamileyo. INkundla yesiBheno yaziswa ngo-2018 kwaye iyinxalenye yohlengahlengiso olukhulu lwenkqubo yobulungisa yase-Iceland. INkundla yeziBheno ineejaji ezilishumi elinesihlanu.

kwinkundla ephezulu

Kuyenzeka ukuba udlulisele isigqibo seNkundla yeSibheno kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo, kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, emva kokufumana imvume yeNkundla ePhakamileyo, eyinkundla yelizwe eliphakamileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, isigwebo seNkundla yeziBheno siya kuba sisisombululo sokugqibela etyaleni.

INkundla Ephakamileyo yase-Iceland inendima yokumisela imizekelo kumthetho. Inabagwebi abasixhenxe.

Imicimbi yobupolisa yenziwa ngamaPolisa, iGadi loNxweme, kunye neCustoms.

I-Iceland ayizange ibe nemikhosi yasemkhosini - nokuba ngumkhosi, umkhosi wamanzi okanye umkhosi womoya.

Indima yamapolisa e-Iceland kukukhusela nokusebenzela uluntu. Basebenzela ukuthintela ubundlobongela nolwaphulo-mthetho ukongeza ekuphandeni nasekusombululeni amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. Uluntu lunyanzelekile ukuba luthobele imiyalelo ekhutshwa ngamapolisa. Ukusilela ukwenjenjalo kusenokuphumela ekubeni ahlawuliswe okanye avalelwe entolongweni.

Imicimbi yamapolisa e-Iceland inoxanduva loMphathiswa wezoBulungisa kwaye ilawulwa yi-Ofisi yoMkomishinala kaZwelonke wamaPolisa (Embætti ríkislögreglustjóra) egameni lenkonzo. Lo mbutho wahlulwe ngokwezithili ezisithoba, esona sikhulu siSipolisa seMetropolitan saseReykjavik (Lögreglan á höfuðborgarsvæðinu) enoxanduva loMmandla weNkunzi. Fumana isithili esikufutshane kuwe apha.

Amapolisa aseIceland ngokuqhelekileyo akaxhobekanga ngaphandle nje kwentonga encinane nesitshizi sepepile. Nangona kunjalo, amapolisa aseReykjavik aneqela elikhethekileyo eliqeqeshelwe ukusebenzisa imipu kunye nokusebenza ngokuchasene nabantu abaxhobileyo okanye iimeko ezinzima apho ukhuseleko loluntu lunokuba sesichengeni.

E-Iceland, amapolisa anandipha inqanaba eliphezulu lokuthembela kubahlali, kwaye abantu banokusondela ngokukhuselekileyo emapoliseni ukuba bakholelwa ukuba babe lixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ubundlobongela.

Ukuba ufuna uncedo lwamapolisa, tsalela umnxeba ku-112 okanye uqhagamshelane nencoko ekwi-intanethi kwiwebhusayithi yawo .

Ungakwazi nokuwachaza amatyala okanye uqhagamshelane namapolisa kwimeko engeyongxamiseko ngokusebenzisa le webhusayithi.

I-Icelandic Directorate of Immigration yi-arhente karhulumente esebenza phantsi koMphathiswa wezoBulungisa. Imisebenzi ephambili yeCandelo loLawulo kukukhupha amaphepha-mvume okuhlala, ukusetyenzwa kwezicelo zokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukusetyenzwa kwezicelo ze-visa, ukusingathwa kwezicelo zobumi, ukukhupha amaxwebhu okundwendwela iimbacu kunye nencwadana yokundwendwela yabantu basemzini. neminye imibutho.

IWebhusayithi yoLawulo lokuFudukela.

ICandelo lezeMisebenzi linoxanduva olupheleleyo lotshintshiselwano ngemisebenzi yoluntu kwaye lijongana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yeNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yabaNgaphangeliyo, iNgxowa-mali yeKhefu lokuBeleka kunye noButata, iNgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso soMvuzo kunye nezinye iiprojekthi ezinxulumene nemarike yezemisebenzi.

ICandelo loMlawuli linoluhlu lwemisebenzi, ebandakanya ukubhaliswa kwabantu abafuna umsebenzi kunye nokuhlawula izibonelelo zokungaphangeli.

Ukongeza kwikomkhulu elise-Reykjavík, iCandelo loLawulo linee-ofisi zemimandla ezisibhozo kwilizwe jikelele ezibonelela abantu abafuna umsebenzi kunye nabaqeshi ngenkxaso ekukhangeleni kwabo ingqesho kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi. Ukuqhagamshelana neCandelo lezaBasebenzi cofa apha.