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Uru rupapuro rwahinduwe mu buryo bwikora kuva mucyongereza.
Imiyoborere

Abayobozi

Isilande ni republika ishingiye ku itegekonshinga ifite gahunda y'amashyaka menshi. Ni yo demokarasi ishaje cyane ku isi, hamwe n'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, Alþingi , yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 930.

Perezida wa Islande ni umukuru wigihugu kandi uhagarariye wenyine watowe nabatoye bose mumatora ataziguye.

Guverinoma

Guverinoma y'igihugu cya Isilande ishinzwe gushyiraho amategeko n'amabwiriza no gutanga serivisi za leta zijyanye n'ubutabera, ubuvuzi, ibikorwa remezo, akazi, n'amashuri yisumbuye na kaminuza kugira ngo tuvuge ingero nke.

Ihuriro ririho ubu muri Isilande rigizwe n’imitwe itatu ya politiki, Ishyaka Ritera imbere, Ishyaka ryigenga, n’ishyaka ry’ibumoso. Bafite ubwiganze bwa 54% hagati yabo. Minisitiri w’intebe uriho ubu ni Katrín Jakobsdóttir. Amasezerano y’ubumwe agaragaza politiki n’icyerekezo cy’imiyoborere aboneka mu Cyongereza hano.

Umukuru wigihugu ni Perezida . Ubutegetsi nyobozi bukoreshwa na Guverinoma. Ububasha bwo gushyiraho amategeko buhabwa Inteko Ishinga Amategeko na Perezida. Ubucamanza bwigenga ku buyobozi n’inteko ishinga amategeko.

Soma byinshi kuri ba minisitiri w’ubutegetsi buriho.

Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika ya Isilande

Amakomine

Muri Isilande hariho inzego zibiri zibiri, reta yigihugu hamwe namakomine. Buri myaka ine, abatuye mu turere dutandukanye tw’amatora batora abahagarariye ubuyobozi bw’ibanze kugira ngo bagenzure ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya serivisi na demokarasi yaho. Inzego nyobozi za komine zaho zitorwa abayobozi bakorera hafi yabaturage. Bashinzwe ibikorwa byaho kubatuye amakomine.

Abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze mu makomine bashiraho amabwiriza mu gihe batanga serivisi ku baturage bahatuye, nk'amashuri abanza ndetse n'amashuri abanza, serivisi z’imibereho, serivisi zita ku bana, n'izindi serivisi zijyanye n'ibikenewe n'abaturage.

Amakomine ashinzwe gushira mu ngiro politike muri serivisi zaho nk'ibigo vy'uburezi, ubwikorezi rusange, hamwe na serivisi zita ku mibereho myiza y'abaturage. Bashinzwe kandi ibikorwa remezo bya tekiniki muri buri komine, nk'amazi yo kunywa, gushyushya, no gutunganya imyanda. Hanyuma, bashinzwe gutegura iterambere no gukora ubugenzuzi bwubuzima n’umutekano.

Guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2021, Isilande igabanyijemo amakomine 69, buri imwe ikaba ifite ubuyobozi bwite. Amakomine arafise uburenganzira ninshingano kubatuye hamwe na leta. Umuntu ku giti cye afatwa nk'umuturage wa komini aho batuye byemewe n'amategeko.

Kubwibyo, abantu bose basabwa kwiyandikisha mubiro bya komini bireba iyo bimukiye mu kandi gace.

Nkuko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 y’amategeko agenga amatora yerekeye gutora n’uburenganzira bwo gutorwa, abanyamahanga bafite imyaka 18 nayirenga bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora mu matora y’inzego z’ibanze nyuma yo kuba mu gihugu cya Isilande mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu ikurikiranye. Abenegihugu ba Danemarke, Finlande, Noruveje na Suwede bafite imyaka 18 nayirenga bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora bakimara kwiyandikisha aho batuye muri Islande.

Andi makuru yerekeye amakomine muri Islande.

Shakisha komine yawe ku ikarita ikorana.

Perezida

Perezida wa Islande ni umukuru wigihugu kandi uhagarariye wenyine watowe nabatoye bose mumatora ataziguye. Ibiro bya Perezida byashinzwe mu Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika ya Isilande ryatangiye gukurikizwa ku ya 17 Kamena 1944.

Perezida uriho ubu ni Guðni Th. Jóhannesson .

Perezida atorwa n’amajwi ataziguye mu gihe cy’imyaka ine, nta gihe ntarengwa. Perezida atuye i Bessastaðir muri Garðabær mu murwa mukuru.

Ihuza ryingirakamaro

Isilande ni republika ishingiye ku itegekonshinga ifite gahunda y'amashyaka menshi.