Ufulu wa Ana

Ana ali ndi ufulu wodziwa makolo awo onse awiri. Makolo ali ndi udindo woteteza ana awo ku nkhanza za m’maganizo, zakuthupi ndi ziwopsezo zina.

Ana ayenera kulandira maphunziro mogwirizana ndi luso lawo ndi zokonda zawo. Makolo ayenera kukambirana ndi ana awo asanasankhe zochita zimene zingawakhudze. Ana ayenera kupatsidwa ufulu wolankhula akamakula ndikukula.

Ngozi zambiri za ana osapitirira zaka 5 zimachitika m’nyumba. Malo otetezeka ndi kuyang'aniridwa kwa makolo kumachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wa ngozi m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo. Kuti apewe ngozi zoopsa, makolo ndi anthu ena amene amasamalira ana ayenera kudziwa kugwirizana kwa ngozi ndi kukula kwa thupi, maganizo, ndi maganizo a ana pa msinkhu uliwonse. Ana alibe uchikulire woti awunike ndi kuthana ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike m'chilengedwe mpaka zaka 10-12.

Ana a zaka zapakati pa 13-18 ayenera kumvera malangizo a makolo awo, kulemekeza maganizo a anthu ena ndiponso kutsatira malamulo. Achinyamata achikulire amapeza luso lalamulo, ndilo ufulu wodzisankhira yekha nkhani zachuma ndi zaumwini, ali ndi zaka 18. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi udindo wa katundu wawo ndipo amatha kusankha kumene akufuna kukhala, koma amataya ufulu wosamalira makolo awo.

Ana azaka zapakati pa 6-16 ayenera kupita ku maphunziro a pulayimale. Kupita kusukulu mokakamiza ndi kwaulere. Maphunziro a pulayimale amatha ndi mayeso, pambuyo pake ndizotheka kulembetsa ku sekondale. Kulembetsa kwa nthawi yophukira m'masukulu akusekondale kumachitika pa intaneti ndipo tsiku lomaliza ndi June chaka chilichonse. Kulembetsa kwa ophunzira kumapeto kwa masika kumachitika kusukulu kapena pa intaneti.

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi masukulu apadera, madipatimenti apadera, mapulogalamu ophunzirira ndi njira zina zophunzirira ana olumala ndi achichepere angapezeke pa webusaiti ya Menntagátt .

Ana omwe ali m'maphunziro okakamizidwa atha kulembedwa ntchito zopepuka zokha. Ana osakwanitsa zaka khumi ndi zitatu atha kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zachikhalidwe ndi zaluso komanso zamasewera ndi zotsatsa komanso ndi chilolezo cha Administration of Occupational Safety and Health.

Ana azaka zapakati pa 13-14 atha kulembedwa ntchito zopepuka zomwe sizimawonedwa ngati zowopsa kapena zovutirapo. Azaka zapakati pa 15-17 amatha kugwira ntchito mpaka maola asanu ndi atatu patsiku (maola makumi anayi pa sabata) panthawi yatchuthi. Ana ndi akuluakulu sangagwire ntchito usiku.

Matauni akuluakulu ambiri amayendetsa sukulu zantchito kapena ntchito zachinyamata kwa milungu ingapo chilimwe chilichonse kwa ana asukulu apulaimale akale kwambiri (azaka 13-16).

Ombudsman for Children ku Iceland amasankhidwa ndi Prime Minister. Udindo wawo ndikuteteza ndi kulimbikitsa zofuna, ufulu, ndi zosowa za ana onse osakwana zaka 18 ku Iceland.

Ku Iceland, lamulo latsopano layambitsidwa kuti lithandizire ubwino wa ana. Limatchedwa Act on Integrated Services in the Interest of Children's Prosperity — lomwe limadziwikanso kuti Prosperity Act.

Lamuloli likuonetsetsa kuti ana ndi mabanja sasochera pakati pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana kapena kuti aziyendera okha mautumiki. Mwana aliyense ali ndi ufulu wolandira thandizo lomwe akufunikira, nthawi iliyonse akalifuna.

Kupeza chithandizo choyenera nthawi zina kungakhale kovuta, ndipo lamuloli likufuna kuti zinthu zikhale zosavuta poonetsetsa kuti ntchito zoyenera zikuperekedwa, panthawi yoyenera, ndi akatswiri oyenera. Ana ndi makolo akhoza kupempha ntchito zophatikizana m'masukulu onse, kudzera mu ntchito zachitukuko, kapena kuzipatala.

Maboma aku Iceland ali ndi udindo woteteza ana ndipo ayenera kutsatira malamulo adziko lonse oteteza ana. Ntchito zoteteza ana zimapezeka m'maboma onse. Ntchito yawo ndi kuthandiza ana ndi makolo omwe akukumana ndi mavuto akuluakulu komanso kuonetsetsa kuti mwana ali otetezeka komanso ali bwino.

Ogwira ntchito yoteteza ana ndi akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino, nthawi zambiri omwe ali ndi luso pantchito zachitukuko, zamaganizo, kapena maphunziro. Ngati pakufunika, amatha kulandira thandizo ndi chitsogozo chowonjezera kuchokera ku National Agency for Children and Families (Barna- og fjölskyldustofa), makamaka pamilandu yovuta.

Nthawi zina, mabungwe a m'madera am'deralo ali ndi mphamvu zopangira zisankho zovomerezeka pankhani yoteteza ana.

Malinga ndi lamulo la Icelandic Child Protection Law , aliyense ali ndi udindo wonena ngati akukayikira kuti mwana akuchitiridwa nkhanza, kuzunzidwa kapena kukhala m'malo osavomerezeka. Izi ziyenera kunenedwa ku polisi kudzera mu National Emergency number 112 kapena komiti yachitukuko cha ana yakomweko .

Cholinga cha lamulo loteteza ana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ana omwe akukhala m'malo osavomerezeka kapena ana omwe akuika thanzi lawo pachiwopsezo ndi chitukuko chawo alandira thandizo lofunikira. Lamulo loteteza ana limakhudza ana onse omwe ali m'boma la Iceland.

Lamulo ku Iceland limafotokoza nthawi yomwe ana azaka zapakati pa 0 ndi 16 angakhale panja madzulo popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi akuluakulu. Malamulowa cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ana akula bwino komanso m'malo otetezeka komanso ogona mokwanira.

Ku Iceland, palibe malamulo omwe amanena kuti ana angakhale okha panyumba ali ndi zaka zingati kapena kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji.

Makolo ayenera kusankha chomwe chili chabwino kwa mwana. Izi zikuchokera pa Children's Act ndi Child Protection Act .

Posankha zochita, makolo ayenera kuganizira izi:

• Zaka ndi kukula kwa mwana
• Ngati mwanayo akumva kuti ali wotetezeka komanso wofunitsitsa
• Ngati nyumbayo ili bwino
• Ngati pali akuluakulu pafupi omwe angathandize

Ndi bwino kuyamba ndi nthawi yochepa ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono ngati mwanayo akwanitsa bwino.
Ana aang'ono kwambiri sayenera kusiyidwa okha. Ngati izi zitachitika, zingafunike kunenedwa ku mabungwe oteteza ana.

Ngati simukudziwa ngati vuto linalake liyenera kufotokozedwa ku mabungwe oteteza ana, muyenera kulankhulana ndi chitetezo cha ana kuti akupatseni upangiri.

Ana azaka khumi ndi ziwiri kapena kuchepera akuyenera kukhala pagulu ikatha 20:00 ngati akutsagana ndi akulu.

Kuyambira Meyi 1 mpaka 1 Seputembala, atha kukhala pagulu mpaka 22:00. Malire a zaka za dongosololi amanena za chaka chobadwa, osati tsiku lobadwa.

Pano mumapeza zambiri za maola akunja a ana m'zinenero zisanu ndi chimodzi. Lamulo ku Iceland likunena kuti ana azaka zapakati pa 0-16 angakhale panja nthawi yayitali bwanji madzulo popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi akuluakulu. Malamulowa apangidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti ana adzakulira m'malo otetezeka komanso athanzi ndi kugona mokwanira.

Ana azaka zapakati pa 13 mpaka 16, osatsagana ndi akuluakulu, sangakhale panja ikatha 22:00, pokhapokha akamabwerera kwawo kuchokera ku chochitika chodziwika chokonzedwa ndi sukulu, bungwe la zamasewera, kapena kalabu ya achinyamata.

Kuyambira pa Meyi 1 mpaka Seputembala 1, ana amaloledwa kukhala panja maola enanso awiri, kapena mpaka pakati pausiku posachedwa. Malire a zaka za dongosololi amanena za chaka chobadwa, osati tsiku lobadwa.

Ponena za kugwira ntchito, achinyamata ambiri saloledwa kugwira ntchito zomwe zili zopitirira mphamvu zawo zakuthupi kapena zamaganizo kapena zomwe zingawononge thanzi lawo. Ayenera kudzidziwa bwino ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge thanzi lawo ndi chitetezo chawo, choncho ayenera kupatsidwa chithandizo choyenera ndi maphunziro. Werengani zambiri za Achinyamata Akugwira Ntchito.

Kupezerera ndiko kumachitiridwa nkhanza mobwerezabwereza kapena mosalekeza, kaya mwakuthupi kapena m’maganizo, kochitidwa ndi munthu mmodzi kapena angapo motsutsana ndi mnzake. Kupezerera anzawo kungabweretse mavuto aakulu kwa wozunzidwayo.

Kupezererana kumachitika pakati pa munthu ndi gulu kapena pakati pa anthu awiri. Kupezerera anzawo kutha kukhala kwapakamwa, pagulu, mwakuthupi, m'maganizo ndi m'thupi. Zitha kukhala zotukwana, miseche, kapena nkhani zabodza zokhudza munthu wina kapena kulimbikitsa anthu kunyalanyaza anthu ena. Kupezerera ena kumaphatikizaponso kunyoza munthu mobwerezabwereza chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake, kulemera kwake, chikhalidwe, chipembedzo, khungu, kulumala, ndi zina zotero. kalasi la sukulu kapena banja. Kupezerera ena kungathenso kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zowononga kwamuyaya kwa wopezererayo.

Ndi udindo wa masukulu kuti achitepo kanthu akamapezerera anzawo, ndipo masukulu ambiri apulaimale akhazikitsa ndondomeko zochitira zinthu ndi njira zodzitetezera.