Amalungelo abantwana

Abantwana banelungelo lokwazi bobabini abazali babo. Abazali banyanzelekile ukuba bakhusele abantwana babo kugonyamelo olusengqondweni nolwasemzimbeni nakwezinye izisongelo.

Abantwana bafanele bafumane imfundo ehambelana nobuchule babo nezinto abanomdla kuzo. Abazali bafanele bathethe nabantwana babo ngaphambi kokuba benze izigqibo ezibachaphazelayo. Abantwana bafanele banikwe ilizwi elingakumbi njengoko bekhula yaye beqola ngakumbi.

Uninzi lweengozi ezibandakanya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 zenzeke ekhaya. Indawo ekhuselekileyo kunye nokulawulwa kwabazali kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba eengozi kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi. Ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi ezimanyumnyezi, abazali nabanye abanyamekela abantwana bafanele bazi unxulumano olukhoyo phakathi kweengozi nokukhula ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo nangokweemvakalelo kwabantwana abakubudala ngabunye. Abantwana abanalo ukuqola lokuvavanya kunye nokujongana neengozi kwimekobume de babe neminyaka eyi-10-12.

Abantwana abaneminyaka eli-13-18 bafanele bathobele imiyalelo yabazali babo, bahlonele iimbono zabanye yaye bathobele umthetho. Abantu abadala abaselula bafumana ukufaneleka kwezomthetho, oko lilungelo lokuzenzela isigqibo ngemicimbi yabo yezemali kunye neyomntu, kwiminyaka eyi-18. Oku kuthetha ukuba banoxanduva lwempahla yabo kwaye banokugqiba apho bafuna ukuhlala khona, kodwa balahlekelwa lilungelo lesondlo sabazali babo.

Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-6-16 kufuneka baye kwimfundo yaseprayimari. Ukuhamba isikolo okunyanzelekileyo kusimahla. Izifundo eziziiprayimari ziphela ngeemviwo, emva koko kunokwenzeka ukuba kufakwe isicelo sesekondari. Ubhaliso lwekota yasekwindla kwizikolo zasesekondari lwenzeka kwi-intanethi kwaye umhla wokugqibela ungoJuni kunyaka ngamnye. Ukubhaliswa kwabafundi kwikota yasentwasahlobo kwenziwa nokuba esikolweni okanye kwi-intanethi.

Ulwazi olwahlukeneyo ngezikolo ezikhethekileyo, amasebe akhethekileyo, iinkqubo zokufunda kunye nolunye ukhetho lokufunda lwabantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abadala abancinci banokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeMentagátt .

Abantwana abakwimfundo enyanzelekileyo banokuqeshwa kuphela kumsebenzi olula. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithathu banokuthatha inxaxheba kuphela kwimisitho yenkcubeko neyobugcisa kunye nomsebenzi wezemidlalo kunye neentengiso kwaye kuphela ngemvume yoLawulo loKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye neMpilo.

Abantwana ababudala buphakathi kwe-13-14 banokuqeshwa kumsebenzi olula ongabonwa njengoyingozi okanye ucela umngeni ngokwasemzimbeni. Abo baneminyaka eyi-15-17 banokusebenza ukuya kutsho kwiiyure ezisibhozo ngosuku (iiyure ezingamashumi amane ngeveki) ngeeholide zesikolo. Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci banokungasebenzi ebusuku.

Uninzi loomasipala abakhulu baqhuba izikolo zomsebenzi okanye iinkqubo zomsebenzi wolutsha iiveki ezimbalwa rhoqo ehlotyeni kubafundi besikolo samabanga aphantsi abadala (abaneminyaka eyi-13-16).

I -Ombudsman yabantwana e-Iceland iqeshwe nguNdunankulu. Indima yabo kukukhusela nokukhuthaza umdla, amalungelo, kunye neemfuno zabo bonke abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 e-Iceland.

E-Iceland, umthetho omtsha ungeniswe ukuxhasa impilo-ntle yabantwana. Ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho weeNkonzo eziDibeneyo kwiNzuzo yoPhumelelo lwaBantwana — okwaziwa ngokuba nguMthetho woPhumelelo.

Lo mthetho uqinisekisa ukuba abantwana neentsapho abalahleki phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo okanye kufuneka basebenzise iinkonzo ngokwabo. Wonke umntwana unelungelo lokufumana uncedo aludingayo, xa eludinga.

Ukufumana inkxaso efanelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima, kwaye lo mthetho ujonge ukwenza kube lula ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo zinikezelwa, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ziingcali ezifanelekileyo. Abantwana nabazali banokucela iinkonzo ezidibeneyo kuzo zonke izigaba zesikolo, ngeenkonzo zentlalo, okanye kwiikliniki zempilo.

Oomasipala base-Iceland banoxanduva lokukhusela abantwana kwaye kufuneka balandele imithetho yesizwe yokukhusela abantwana. Iinkonzo zokukhusela abantwana ziyafumaneka kubo bonke oomasipala. Indima yabo kukuxhasa abantwana nabazali abajongene nemingeni enzima nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuphila kakuhle komntwana.

Abasebenzi bokukhusela abantwana ziingcali eziqeqeshwe ngokukodwa, ezihlala zinemvelaphi yomsebenzi wentlalo, ingqondo, okanye imfundo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, banokufumana inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nesikhokelo kwi-Arhente yeSizwe yaBantwana kunye neentsapho (Barnaog fjölskyldustofa), ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima.

Kwezinye iimeko, amabhunga ezithili zasekuhlaleni anegunya lokwenza izigqibo ezisesikweni kwimiba yokukhusela abantwana.

NgokoMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBantwana wase-Iceland , wonke umntu unoxanduva lokuxela ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana uxhatshazwa, uxhatshazwa okanye uhlala kwiimeko ezingamkelekanga. Oku kufanele kubikwe emapoliseni ngenombolo yeSizwe yoNgxamiseko 112 okanye kwikomiti yentlalontle yabantwana yasekuhlaleni .

Injongo yoMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBantwana kukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abahlala kwiimeko ezingamkelekanga okanye abantwana ababeka impilo yabo emngciphekweni bafumana uncedo olufunekayo. UMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBantwana ugubungela bonke abantwana abakummandla welizwe lase-Iceland.

Umthetho e-Iceland uchaza ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-16 banokuba phandle ixesha elingakanani ngokuhlwa ngaphandle kokubekwa esweni ngumntu omdala. Le mithetho yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana baya kukhula kwindawo ekhuselekileyo nesempilweni belele ngokwaneleyo.

E-Iceland, akukho mithetho ithi abantwana banokuhlala bodwa emakhaya xa beneminyaka emingaphi okanye ixesha elingakanani.

Abazali kufuneka bagqibe ukuba yintoni elungele umntwana. Oku kusekelwe kuMthetho waBantwana kunye noMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBantwana .

Xa besenza isigqibo, abazali kufuneka bacinge ngale nto:

• Ubudala bomntwana kunye nokukhula kwakhe
• Ukuba umntwana uzive ekhuselekile kwaye ekulungele
• Ukuba ikhaya likhuselekile
• Ukuba kukho abantu abadala abakufutshane abanokunceda

Kungcono ukuqala ngexesha elifutshane uze wongeze kancinci ukuba umntwana uphatha kakuhle.
Abantwana abancinci kakhulu akufuneki bashiywe bodwa. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka kubikwe kwiinkonzo zokukhusela abantwana.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba imeko ethile ifanele ixelwe kwiinkonzo zokukhusela abantwana, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nokhuseleko lwabantwana ukuze ufumane iingcebiso.

Abantwana abaneminyaka elishumi elinesibini nangaphantsi kufuneka babe ngaphandle esidlangalaleni kuphela emva kwe-20:00 ukuba bakhatshwa ngabantu abadala.

Ukusukela ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi ukuya kumhla woku-1 kuSeptemba, banokuphuma esidlangalaleni kude kube ngu-22:00. Imida yeminyaka yolu lungiselelo ibhekisa kunyaka wokuzalwa, hayi kumhla wokuzalwa.

Apha ufumana ulwazi malunga neeyure zangaphandle zabantwana ngeelwimi ezintandathu. Umthetho e-Iceland uxela ukuba abantwana ababudala buphakathi kwe-0-16 banokuba nexesha elingakanani ngaphandle ngorhatya bengajongwanga ngumntu omdala. Le mithetho yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana baya kukhula kwindawo ekhuselekileyo nenempilo kunye nokulala ngokwaneleyo.

Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-13 ukuya kweyi-16, bengakhatshwa ngabantu abadala, abavumelekanga ukuba baphume phandle emva kwe-22:00, ngaphandle kokuba basendleleni egodukayo evela kumsitho owaziwayo oququzelelwa sisikolo, umbutho wezemidlalo, okanye iklabhu yolutsha.

Ngexesha elisusela kumhla woku-1 kuMeyi ukuya kowoku-1 kuSeptemba, abantwana bavumelekile ukuba bahlale ngaphandle iiyure ezimbini ezongezelelweyo, okanye kude kube sezinzulwini zobusuku. Imida yeminyaka yolu lungiselelo ibhekisa kunyaka wokuzalwa, hayi kumhla wokuzalwa.

Ngokumalunga nokusebenza, abantu abadala abancinci, ngokubanzi, abavumelekanga ukuba benze umsebenzi ongaphaya kwamandla abo ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni okanye okubandakanya umngcipheko kwimpilo yabo. Kufuneka baziqhelanise nezinto ezinobungozi kwindawo yokusebenza enokusongela impilo nokhuseleko lwabo, kwaye ke kufuneka babonelelwe ngenkxaso noqeqesho olufanelekileyo. Funda ngakumbi Ngabantu Abaselula Abasemsebenzini.

Ukungcungcuthekiswa kusenziwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ngokuqhubekayo okanye ugonyamelo, enoba lolwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni, ngumntu omnye okanye abangakumbi nxamnye nomnye. Ukuxhatshazwa kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kwixhoba.

Ukuxhatshazwa kwenzeka phakathi komntu kunye neqela okanye phakathi kwabantu ababini. Ukuxhatshazwa kusenokuba ngamazwi, ngokwentlalo, ngezinto eziphathekayo, ngokwasengqondweni nasemzimbeni. Kusenokuquka ukuthuka, intlebendwane, amabali angeyonyani angomntu okanye ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bangabahoyi abantu abathile. Ukuxhatshazwa kukwaquka ukugculela umntu ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yenkangeleko yakhe, ubunzima, inkcubeko, inkolo, ibala lolusu, isiphene, njl. njl. Ixhoba lokungcungcuthekiswa lisenokuziva lingamkelekanga kwaye lingabandakanywanga kwiqela, ekungekho nto linokuyenza ngaphandle kokuba lilungu lalo, umzekelo, iklasi yesikolo okanye usapho. Ukungcungcuthekiswa kusenokuba nemiphumo eyingozi ngokusisigxina kumenzi wobubi.

Ngumsebenzi wezikolo ukusabela kwintlondi, kwaye uninzi lwezikolo zaseprayimari zenze izicwangciso zamanyathelo namanyathelo okuthintela.