Svetukira kuzvinyorwa zvikuru
Peji ino yakashandurirwa kubva kuChirungu.
Basa

Kodzero dzevashandi

Vashandi vese muIceland, zvisinei kuti murume kana mukadzi kana nyika, vanonakidzwa nekodzero dzakafanana maererano nemuhoro uye mamwe mamiriro ekushanda sezvakakurukurwa nemubatanidzwa mumusika wevashandi weIcelandic.

Kusarura vashandi hakusi chinhu chakajairika chebasa.

Kodzero dzevashandi nezvisungo

  • Mihoro inofanirwa kuenderana nezvibvumirano zvemihoro yemubatanidzwa.
  • Maawa ekushanda anogona kusapfuura maawa ekushanda anotenderwa nemutemo nezvibvumirano zvevanhu vose.
  • Mhando dzakasiyana dzezororo rekubhadhara dzinofanirawo kuenderana nemutemo uye zvibvumirano zvakabatana.
  • Mihoro inofanirwa kubhadharwa panguva yekurwara kana zororo rekukuvara uye mushandi anofanira kuwana payslip kana muhoro wabhadharwa.
  • Vashandirwi vanosungirwa kubhadhara mitero pamihoro yose uye vanofanira kubhadhara zvikamu zvakakodzera kuhomwe dzepenjeni dzakakodzera nemasangano evashandi.
  • Mabhenefiti ekushaikwa kwemabasa nerumwe rubatsiro rwemari ruripo, uye vashandi vanogona kunyorera muripo uye penjeni yekugadziridza mushure mekurwara kana tsaona.

Tsvaga zvimwe nezvekodzero dzako nezvisungo pano.

Iwe uri mutsva mumusika wevashandi here?

Iyo Icelandic Confederation of Labor (ASÍ) inomhanyisa webhusaiti ine ruzivo rwevanhu vatsva mumusika wevashandi muIceland. Nzvimbo iyi iri mumitauro yakawanda.

Iyo saiti ine semuenzaniso ruzivo nezve kodzero dzekutanga dzeavo vari pamusika wevashandi, mirairo yekuti ungawana sei mubatanidzwa wako, ruzivo rwekuti masiripi ekubhadhara anomiswa sei uye anobatsira malink kune vanoshanda muIceland.

Kubva pane saiti zvinokwanisika kutumira mibvunzo kuASÍ, isingazivikanwe kana uchida.

Pano unogona kuwana bhurocha (PDF) mumitauro yakawanda rakazara nemashoko anobatsira: Kushanda muIceland?

Tese tine kodzero dzevanhu: Kodzero dzine chekuita nebasa

The Act on Equal Treatment muLabour Market no. 86/2018 inorambidza zvakajeka rusarura rwese mumusika wevashandi. Mutemo unorambidza marudzi ose erusarura pamusana perudzi, dzinza, chitendero, mararamiro, kuremara, kuderedzwa kwekushanda, zera, maonero ezvepabonde, kuzivikanwa kwevakadzi, kutaura nezvevarume kana kuti bonde.

Mutemo uyu wakanangana neDirective 2000/78 / EC yeParamende yeEuropean uye yeKanzuru pamitemo yakajairika pakubata kwakaenzana mumusika wevashandi nehupfumi.

Kuburikidza nekutsanangura kurambidzwa kwakajeka kwerusarura mumusika wevashandi, tinogoneswa kukurudzira mukana wakaenzana wekutora chikamu mumusika wevashandi weIcelandic uye kudzivirira mafomu ekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe. Pamusoro pezvo, chinangwa chemutemo wakadaro ndechekudzivirira kuenderera mberi kwekukodzera kwemarudzi kwakapatsanurwa kudzika midzi munzanga yeIceland.

Kodzero dzine chekuita nebasa

Vhidhiyo inotaura nezvekodzero dzemusika wevashandi muIceland. Iine ruzivo runobatsira pamusoro pekodzero dzevashandi uye inoratidzira zviitiko zvevanhu vane kuchengetedzwa kwenyika dzakawanda muIceland.

Yakagadzirwa neAmnesty International muIceland uye The Icelandic Human Rights Center.

Vana nebasa

Mutemo mukuru ndewokuti vana vangasashanda. Vana vari mudzidzo yekumanikidzirwa vanogona kungopinzwa basa rakareruka. Vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nematatu vanogona chete kutora chikamu mumitambo yetsika nehunyanzvi uye basa remitambo nekushambadza uye nemvumo yeAdministration of Occupational Safety and Health.

Vana vane makore 13-14 vanogona kushandirwa basa rakareruka risingaonekwe serine ngozi kana kunetsa mumuviri. Avo vane makore 15-17 ezera vanogona kushanda kusvika maawa masere pazuva (maawa makumi mana pavhiki) panguva yezororo rechikoro. Vana nevakuru vechidiki vangasashanda husiku.

Vese vanotambira mihoro vane kodzero yemazuva maviri ezororo rakabhadharwa pamwedzi wega wega webasa renguva yakazara mukati megore rezororo (Chivabvu 1 kusvika Kubvumbi 30). Kuzorora kwegore negore kunonyanya kutorwa pakati paMay naSeptember. Iyo shoma yezororo yezororo inokodzera mazuva makumi maviri nemana pagore, zvichienderana nebasa renguva yakazara. Vashandi vanobvunza vavanoshandira maererano nemari yezororo ravanotambira uye nguva yekuzorora.

Vashandirwi vanobiridzira, zvishoma, 10.17 % yemuhoro muakaundi yebhangi yakasiyana yakanyoreswa muzita remumwe nemumwe mushandi. Mari iyi inotsiva mubairo kana mushandi akatora nguva yekusava pabasa nekuda kwezororo rezororo, kazhinji rinotorwa muzhizha. Kana mushandi asina kuwana mari yakakwana muakaundi iyi yezororo rezororo, vachiri kubvumidzwa kutora zororo remazuva makumi maviri nemana vachibvumirana nemushandirwi wavo uye chikamu chiri chezororo pasina muripo.

Kana mushandi akarwara paanenge ari pazororo rake rezhizha, mazuva ekurwara haaverengwe semazuva ezororo uye haabviswe pahuwandu hwemazuva anofanirwa kuitwa nemushandi. Kana kurwara kukaitika panguva yezororo, ipapo mushandi anofanira kuendesa gwaro rehutano kubva kuna chiremba wavo, kiriniki yehutano, kana kuchipatara paanodzokera kubasa. Mushandi anofanira kushandisa mazuva asara nekuda kwechiitiko chakadaro pamberi pe31st yaMay gore rinotevera.

Maawa ekushanda uye mazororo enyika

Maawa ekushanda anodzorwa nemutemo chaiwo. Izvi zvinopa vashandi kodzero yeimwe nguva yekuzorora, yekudya neyekofi, uye mazororo emutemo.

Ivha yekurwara uchishanda

Kana usingakwanise kuenda kubasa nekuda kwehurwere, une dzimwe kodzero dzekuenda kuzororo rekurwara rinobhadharwa. Kuti ukwanise kuwana zororo rekurwara rinobhadharwa, unofanirwa kunge wakashanda kweinenge mwedzi mumwe nemushandirwi mumwe chete. Nemwedzi wega wega wekuwedzera mubasa, vashandi vanowana imwe mari yekuzorora yakabhadharwa yekurwara. Kazhinji, unekodzero yemazuva maviri ekurwara anobhadharwa pamwedzi wega wega. Mari idzi dzinosiyana pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzebasa mumusika wevashandi asi zvese zvinonyatso nyorwa muzvibvumirano zvemihoro yemubatanidzwa.

Kana mushandi asipo pabasa, nekuda kwehurwere kana tsaona, kwenguva yakareba kudarika yaanofanirwa kupihwa zororo/muhoro unobhadharwa, anogona kunyorera mari yefivha yega yega kubva kuhomwe yezororo rekurwara yemubatanidzwa.

Muripo wehurwere kana tsaona

Avo vasina kodzero yekuwana chero mari panguva yekurwara kana nekuda kwetsaona vanogona kuve nekodzero yekubhadhara zororo rekurwara zuva nezuva.

Mushandi anofanira kuzadzisa zvinotevera mamiriro:

  • Iva neinishuwarenzi muIceland.
  • Ita kusakwanisa zvachose kwemazuva mashoma e21 akatevedzana (kusakwanisa kunosimbiswa nachiremba).
  • Vakasiya kuita mabasa avo kana kuona kunonoka muzvidzidzo zvavo.
  • Wakamira kugamuchira mari yemuhoro (kana paine).
  • Iva nemakore 16 zvichikwira.

Yemagetsi application inowanikwa mune yekodzero portal paThe Icelandic Health Inishuwarenzi webhusaiti.

Unogonawo kuzadza chikumbiro (gwaro reDOC) remabhenefiti ehurwere woridzosera kuIslandiic Health Insurance kana kumumiriri wemakomisheni ematunhu kunze kweguta guru.

Huwandu hwemabhenefiti ezororo rekurwara kubva kuIslandic Health Inishuwarenzi haizadzise chikamu chenyika chekurarama. Ita shuwa kuti iwe unotarisawo kodzero yako yekubhadhara kubva kumubatanidzwa wako uye nerubatsiro rwemari kubva kukanzuru yako.

Verenga zvakawanda nezve kurwara mabhenefiti pachitsuwa.is

Ramba uchifunga:

  • Mabhenefiti ehurwere haabhadharwe panguva imwe chete nepenjeni yekudzorera kubva kuState Social Security Institute.
  • Mabhenefiti ehurwere haabhadharwe panguva imwe chete netsaona inobatsira kubva kuIcelandic Health Insurance.
  • Mabhenefiti ehurwere haabhadharwe zvakafanana nemari yekubhadhara kubva kuMaternity / Paternity Leave Fund.
  • Mabhenefiti ehurwere haabhadharwe pamwe chete nemabhenefiti ekurovha kubva kuDirectorate of Labor. Panogona, zvisinei, kuve nekodzero yekubatsirwa nehurwere kana mabhenefiti ekurovha akakanzurwa nekuda kwehurwere.

Rehabilitation pension mushure mekurwara kana tsaona

Rehabilitation pension inotarisirwa kune avo vasingakwanise kushanda nekuda kwehurwere kana tsaona uye vari muchirongwa chekuvandudza nechinangwa chekudzokera kumusika wevashandi. Mamiriro makuru ekuve akakodzera kuwana penjeni yekudzorera ndeyekutora chikamu muchirongwa chakasarudzwa chekugadzirisa pasi pekutariswa kwenyanzvi, nechinangwa chekugadzirisa zvakare kukwanisa kwavo kudzokera kubasa.

Unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve penjeni yekudzorera paSocial Insurance Administration webhusaiti . Unogona kukumbira ruzivo kuburikidza nefomu iri .

Wages

Kubhadharwa kwemuhoro kunofanirwa kunyorwa mu payslip. Payslip inofanira kuratidza zvakajeka mari yakabhadharwa, fomula inoshandiswa kuverenga huwandu hwemari yakagamuchirwa, uye chero mari yakabviswa kana kuwedzerwa kumubhadharo wemushandi.

Mushandi anogona kuona ruzivo maererano nekubhadharwa kwemitero, kubhadhara kwezororo, mubhadharo wenguva yakawandisa, zororo risingabhadharwe, mari yeinishuwarenzi yemagariro, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa mihoro.

Mitero

Mhedziso yemitero, mvumo yemutero, kadhi yemutero, madzoro emutero uye zvimwe zvine chekuita nemutero muIceland zvinogona kuwanikwa pano.

Basa risingazivikanwe

Dzimwe nguva vanhu vanokumbirwa kusazivisa basa ravanoita nokuda kwezvinangwa zvemitero. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se'basa risingazivikanwe'. Basa risina kuziviswa rinoreva chero mabasa akabhadharwa asina kuziviswa kune zviremera. Basa risina kuziviswa haribvumirwi nemutemo, uye rine tapuro yakaipa pasese zviri zviviri munzanga uye vanhu vanotora rutivi mariri. Vanhu vanoita basa risina kuziviswa havana kodzero dzakafanana nevamwe vashandi, ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kuziva migumisiro yekusazivisa basa.

Pane zvirango zvebasa risina kuziviswa sezvo richirongwa sekunzvenga mutero. Zvinogonawo kuguma nekusabhadharwa mihoro zvichienderana nezvibvumirano zvemihoro yemubatanidzwa. Zvinoita zvakare kuti zviome kukumbira muhoro usina kubhadharwa kubva kumushandirwi.

Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuzviona senzira yekubatsirika kune mapato maviri - mushandirwi anobhadhara muhoro wakaderera, uye mushandi anowana muhoro wepamusoro asingabhadhare mutero. Zvisinei, vashandi havawani kodzero dzevashandi dzakakosha dzakadai semudyandigere, mabhenefiti okurovha, mazororo nezvimwewo. Havaisiwo inishuwarenzi kana vaita tsaona kana kurwara.

Basa risina kuziviswa rinokanganisa nyika sezvo nyika inogamuchira mitero mishoma yekushandisa mabasa eruzhinji uye kushandira vagari vayo.

Iyo Icelandic Confederation of Labor (ASÍ)

Basa reASÍ nderekusimudzira zvido zvemasangano ayo, masangano evashandi, uye vashandi nekupa hutungamiriri kuburikidza nekubatanidza marongero mundima dzebasa, magariro, dzidzo, nharaunda uye nyaya dzemusika wevashandi.

Mubatanidzwa uyu unoumbwa ne46 masangano evashandi vevashandi vese mumusika wevashandi. (Semuyenzaniso, vashandi vehofisi nevezvitoro, vafambisi vezvikepe, vashandi vekuvaka nevemaindasitiri, vashandi vemagetsi, uye mamwe mabasa akasiyana mubazi rakazvimirira uye chikamu chehurumende.)

About ASÍ

Icelandic Labor Law

Iyo Icelandic Labor Market

Tarisa bhurocha iri rakagadzirwa neASÍ (The Icelandic Confederation of Labor) kuti uzive zvakawanda nezvekodzero dzako dzekushanda muIceland.

Zvisungo zvinobatsira

Kusarura vashandi hakusi chinhu chakajairika chebasa.